Costal areas are home to the highest concentration of human populations, highlighting the need to help people living in these areas adapt. The combination of rising sea levels, coastal erosion, and extreme weather events, such as tropical cyclones, means that coastal areas will be particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. How communities adapt depends on the context of the area. In some cases, ecosystem-based adaptation measures like mangrove reforestation may be appropriate, while in urban contexts, physical infrastructure options such as sea walls may be the most efficient means of protecting the people and businesses in coastal zones.